Prediabetes - Preventable Diabetes

Diabetes has expanded the proportion of pandemic. It is estimated that 8.3% of the us population, or 25.8 million people have diabetes. About 95% of these have type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of limb amputation, kidney and new onset of blindness in American adults. People with diabetes are more likely than those without diabetes to develop and die from diseases of the heart and blood vessels, called cardiovascular disease. Adults with diabetes have heart disease death rates about two to four times higher than adults without diabetes. The risk for stroke two to four times higher among people with diabetes.
Prediabetes refers to the metabolic State intermediate between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes. The term was first introduced in 1979 to replace the diabetes ' limit '. Pre-diabetes is becoming more common and more recognized in the United States. The u.s. Department of Health and Human Services estimates that 79 million Americans have prediabetes in 2007. It is estimated that 314 million people around the world have prediabetes, and the number is projected to increase to 418 million in the year 2025.

Diagnosis of Prediabetes

prediabetes diagnosis can be made in some way

Fasting Blood Glucose Test The patient must not eat anything for 24 hours period, and a blood glucose reading is then taken. If the reading is between 99 and 126mg/L (5.5 and 7 mmol/L) the patient has confirmed prediabetes.

Oral glucose tolerance test
involves measuring blood sugar levels two hours after drinking a glucose standard solution. If the reading is between 140 and 200 mg/L (7.8 and 11.1 mmol/L) prediabetes confirmed.

A random blood glucose test
if your blood glucose levels 140mg/L (7.8 mmol/L) at any time, this is an indication of insulin resistance, and fasting blood glucose tests warrants or the oral glucose tolerance test to confirm the diagnosis.

How do you treat? Call for early treatment of prediabetes is grabbing the momentum. Some recent studies have evaluated the role of lifestyle changes and medications for treatment of this disease:

How do you treat? Call for early treatment of prediabetes is grabbing the momentum. Some recent studies have evaluated the role of lifestyle changes and medications for treatment of this disease:
exercise: regular physical activity prevent progression to diabetes. At Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study 110,660 men and women in China (Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 537-44.), development of diabetes fell from 67.7% to 41.1%, when comparing a group of control for group exercise conducted for 6 years.
diet: in a study in Finland (N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1343-50), there are incidents of 23% of the development of the diabetes in the control group compared to only 11% in the intervention group for 4 years. Interventions aimed at reducing weight by 5% or more, reducing dietary fat to less than 30% of the total caloric intake and increase fiber to at least 15 grams per 1,000 calories consumed.
in a large study involving 27 clinical centers around the u.s. (N Eng J Med, February 7, 2002), 3234 prediabetic overweight participants were divided into two groups. One group received intensive training in diet, physical activity, and behavior modification. The goal is to reduce weight and maintain the loss 7%, and 150 minutes of exercise a week. The two groups that received metformin 850 mg twice a day. At the end of the study, the lifestyle intervention group reduced progression to diabetes by 58% compared to 31% in the metformin group.
a prediabetes task force (American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 18 annual meeting, Houston, Tx. 2009) suggest a more aggressive therapeutic approach for these patients, recommends treating individuals with high risk of diabetes drugs such as metformin, acarbose, glucagon-like peptide 1 GnRH and thiazolidinediones. This treatment is not yet FDA approved for prediabetes, but supported by a strong scientific data indicate that early insulin resistance fight to protect and prevent the development of pancreas to diabetes.

Treatment and prevention of Prediabetes

To prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes, maintain the function of Your beta cells and delaying the microvascular and cardiovascular complications associated with the disease, the patient was given the same advice prediabetic given to actual diabetes. Obesity is a big factor, therefore, exercise and weight loss are the main focus.
Lifestyle interventions such as these have been found to provide the greatest benefit in preventing the progression to type 2 diabetes:

Eating a healthy balanced diet low in salt.
Physical exercise, between 30 to 60 minutes, at least five times per week.
Reducing your weight, by even 5-10%, has a major impact on fat mass, blood pressure, and blood glucose.
Studies have shown that a low-carb diet is a valuable prevention method in both diabetes and prediabetes.

Prediabetes - Preventable Diabetes